When you enter the lab, switch on the exhaust fan and make sure that all the chemicals and reagents required for the experiment are available. Ostwald capillary viscometer is used to determine the. A standard ball is allowed to fall down this tube over a calibrated distance of 100 mm. Falling sphere viscometer the falling ball viscometer is based on stokes law. To determine the viscosity of liquid using ostwald viscometer. But viscosity remained one of his central concerns. Prepare 0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100% solution of glycerin in pure water. Nov 17, 20 ostwald viscometer virtual simulation maria limniou. Apr 27, 2015 falling sphere viscometer the falling ball viscometer is based on stokes law.
Mount the guard leg, if used, spindle protector on the viscometer. The device was developed by the german chemist leo. Points to remember while performing the experiment in a real laboratory. Hence, these instruments measure the drag caused by the interaction between the fluid and the object surface. Ostwalds viscometer is a traditional viscometer to measure the viscosity of a liquid. The calculation of electrons was based on the energetic reactions using hydrogen, as provided in table s1 12,25,46. Such viscometers include those of the utube varieties or the brookfield. Apr 16, 2020 the ostwald viscometer is also known as a utube viscometer or capillary viscometer. Newtons law of viscosity, given above, is a constitutive equation like. The need for properties is ever increasing to make processes more economical. Put a certain amount of liquid in the large bulge viscometer and pull it by pipette until the small bulge is full.
Ostwald capillary viscometer is used to determine the viscosity of newtonian from ame 3 at the university of oklahoma. In everyday terms it is like the thickness of a fluid or gas. The viscometer was mounted is vertical position on a suitable stand. Viscosity of newtonian and nonnewtonian liquids rotary. To do this, use the adjustment screws of the support base and control the adjustment with the help of the spirit level on the viscometer. Model kv100 is a userfriendly capillary viscometer which operates excellent in rough process environments, on downgraded setups at pilot plants, as well as under semilaboratory conditions. In order to obtain the highest degree of accuracy in viscosity testing, a fullservice viscometer must be. Determination of viscosity of liquid using ostwald viscometer. Ostwald viscometer is use to determine viscosity of newtonian fluid. Measurements may be made on bleached cotton and wood pulps. The kv100 capillary viscometer easily measures low and medium viscosity materials.
A modified ostwald viscometer journal of chemical education. Ostwald viscometer tube outflow time of 80 to 100s with water. Using the rotating viscometer the rotating viscometer measures the shearing forces in a liquid medium placed between two coaxial cylinders one of which is driven by a motor and the other is caused to revolve by the rotation of the first. Original fungilab viscometer for essential viscosity measurements, digital and easy to use.
The problem with the engler viscometer was that it did not provide absolute values for the kinematic viscosity and its precision was modest. Viscometers thermo scientific haake viscotester 1 plus and 2 plus rotational viscometers quickly and reliably measure viscosity using the thermo scientific haake viscotester 1 plus and 2 plus rotational viscometers. The synthetic resin and the schiff base having a concentration ranging from 0. To introduce sample into the viscometer, invert viscometer, immerse tube a into liquid and apply suction to i, which causes the sample to rise to etched line e. Determination of viscosity by using ostwaldtype, suspendedlevel and rotating viscometer ankur choudhary print question forum no comments the determination of viscosity of newtonian liquids is carried out by means of a capillary viscometer unless otherwise specified. For liquids with viscosities which vary with flow conditions, an instrument called a rheometer is used. A viscometer also called viscosimeter is an instrument used to measure the viscosity and flow parameters of a fluid. Water was filled in to the viscometer up to mark a. Stokes law can be used to calculate the viscosity of the fluid. With an ostwald viscometer we can measure the time flow of a liquid mass can be measured using standard laboratory procedures, e. He defined the idea of catalysis, coined the word mole, and contributed to thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and colloids. Ostwald viscometer and ubbelohde viscometer are two such instruments.
Both are ushaped pieces of glassware with a reservoir on one side and a measuring bulb with a capillary on the other. Borosilicate glass ostwald oil viscometer, mechanics system 2 physics kit, thermocap plus capillary viscometer baths, made. When the liquid flow by gravity time required for the liquid to pass between two mark a and b through the capillary tube is determined. To determine the viscosity of a given unknown liquid with respect to water, at laboratory temperature, by viscometer. Ostwald viscometer, electronic balance, stop watch. To determine the viscosity and effect of concentration of unknown solution using a ostwald viscometer. Viscosity measurement using ostwalds viscometer amrita university. Information from its description page there is shown below. It is recommended for higher viscosity cellulosic polymer solutions. The ubbelohde viscometer is closely related to the ostwald viscometer. The viscometer with the sample is immersed in a water bath so that it attains the desired temperature. The second one is the saybolt viscometer which is useful only for. In a second experiment, determine the temperature dependence of the viscosity of glycerol and castor oil in steps of 5 degrees between 25 and 70c.
For glycerol and liquid paraffin, determine the dependence of the moment of rotation on the frequency in the range between 0. It continuously displays the viscosity and temperature of lubricants, starch adhesives, suspensions, and many more process liquids, allowing 24hour production monitoring. Experiment 1 viscosity measurement purpose the purpose of this experiment is to measure the viscosity of a glycerinwater mixture with a thomasstormer viscometer. Natarajan data book on the viscosity of liquids in 1989 which mainly presented collected and evaluated liquid viscosity data from the literature. To determine the composition of a given binary mixture ethanol water from the study of the viscositycomposition curve at lab. Brookfield cone and plate viscometerrheometer gap setting. Difference between ostwald and ubbelohde viscometers.
A good survey of the viscosity data, its critical evaluation and correlation would help design engineers, scientists and technologists in their areas of interest. Oct 17, 2015 prepare 0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100% solution of glycerin in pure water. Jul 12, 2010 ostwald s viscometer is a traditional viscometer to measure the viscosity of a liquid. These devices are also known as glass capillary viscometers or ostwald viscometers, named after wilhelm ostwald. Relative viscosity is the ratio of the absolute viscosity of the fluid on the viscosity of water at a certain temperature. Rotational viscometer alpha series allows fast and accurate viscosity readings. A viscometer also called viscosimeter is an instrument used to measure the viscosity of a fluid. Always wear lab coat and gloves when you are in the lab. Viscosity measurement using ostwald s viscometer amrita university. In the viscometer a sample of liquid was charged from tube 1 to bulb c, so that level in the arm stands at the mark. Ostwald viscometer virtual simulation maria limniou.
Viscometers are used to measure the viscosity of a fluid under defined flow conditions. The force of friction which one part of the liquid offers to another part of the liquid is called viscosity. Determination of viscosity using ostwald viscometer with. In the honour of hagenpoiseuille the unit of viscosity is called the poise p. Ostwald was electrified by the suggestion and concluded that acids must all share a common ion. A design of a modified ostwald viscometer in which the opposing hydrostatic head is maintained constant. D bottle known as pyknometer also, stand, beaker, unknown liquid, distilled water. Determination viscosity of a fluid value by saybolt viscometer. Determination of viscosity by using ostwaldtype, suspended.
Capillary viscometer, capillary viscometer manufacturers. Raptis, an ultrasonic instrument for measuring density and viscosity of tank waste, in science and technology for disposal of radioactive tank wastes, proceedings of the american chemical society symposium on science and technology for disposal of radioactive tank wastes, ed. This type of viscometer consists of a circular cylinder filled by the liquid under investigation. In 1884, ostwald was sent the doctoral thesis of a young swede, svante arrhenius, which described the conductivities of acids, bases and salts. Determination of viscosity of organic solvents procedure.
The key difference between ostwald and ubbelohde viscometers is that ostwald viscometer is suitable for the measurement of low to moderate viscosity of liquids whereas ubbelohde viscometer is suitable for the measurement of high viscosity of liquids. A weight, w, is used to drive a rotor that is partially submerged in a sample of liquid. Turn the viscometer to normal position and wipe tube a clean. The apparatus consists of a short length of glass tubing leading to a bulb that acts as a high reservoir. The only precise instrument available was wilhelm ostwalds device in which a liquid was timed as it flowed through a capillary. The values of co and b shown below are based on a coefficient of thermal expansion typical to that for a mineral oil. The different types of viscometry instruments have either the fluid stationary and let the object pass through the fluid or viceversa.
The device utilizes direct or reverse flow of the test fluid through a ushaped tube to measure the fluids viscosity. Put both the viscometer and thermostat into a beaker with water and make sure that viscometer is clamped vertically and check the viscometer with pure water what volume is required to fill the viscometer. The solubility of the gas was calculated as per the ostwald dilution law 45. A liquid is introduced into the reservoir then sucked through the capillary and measuring bulb. Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of fluid to an applied stress. Ostwald viscometer article about ostwald viscometer by the. The measurement is determined by noting the time required for the fluid to flow a certain distance through tubing of a specific diameter. This type of work assumes more importance as the amount of experimental work in collection and correlation of properties such as viscosity. One of the c oauthors, professor viswanath, coauthored a book jointly with dr. Ostwald viscometer, rubber tube with screw pinch cock, relative density r.
Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske. Target customers oil industry, petrol industry, inks and solvents, paint, food, detergents, cosmetic, pharma and chemical industries low budget and entry level customers. Buy and find information on ostwald viscometer tubes from, product number z275409. Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske routine. In his thesis, arrhenius argued that these compounds dissociated into charged species ions. Clean the viscometer by the water and ethanol and dry it. The force of friction which one part of the liquid offers to another part of the liquid. Brookfield cone and plate viscometer rheometer gap setting. Borosilicate glass ostwald oil viscometer, thermocap plus capillary viscometer baths, made with borosilicate glass. Ostwalds fame grew and he became professor at leipzig, germany. This fluid viscosity represents the fluids resistance to flow.
Ostwald viscometer article about ostwald viscometer by. Put viscometer vertically in the water bath at the desired temperature. Determination of viscosity of organic solvents theory. While there are several variations of the utube viscometer, three of the most wellknown are the ostwald, cannonfenske and ubbelohde. The advantage of this instrument is that the values obtained are independent of the total volume. Ostwald viscometer, relative density bottle, pure ethanol, distilled water. You will have the opportunity to view a video of the correct use of the viscometer. Thus, a rheometer can be considered as a special type of viscometer.
You will need to determine the density of the solutions of acetone and water by measuring out 10 or 20 mls of the soultion into a taired beaker and weighing the mixture. Ostwald viscometer tube outflow time of 80 to 100s with. Attach the spindle lefthand thread to the viscometer lower shaft by lifting the coupling screw slightly. Lvis 510 is an inline viscometer which is immersed directly in the production liquid. Scope this method describes a procedure for determining the viscosity of 0. Method a using ostwald type viscometer apparatus the apparatus consists of a glass utube viscometer see fig. In one arm, the bulb a is connected with a fine capillary.
An ubbelohde type viscometer or suspendedlevel viscometer is a measuring instrument which uses a capillary based method of measuring viscosity. Experiment 3 experiment no 3 measurement of viscosity of. An ostwald viscometer, also known as a viscosimeter, is a device used to measure fluid viscosity under one type of flow condition. Viscosity measurement using ostwalds viscometer amrita. Following the invention of the haberbosch process for ammonia, he patented its catalytic oxidation to nitric acid. Calibrate the instrument by using different calibration standards.
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